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In Australia, when a de facto relationship or marriage ends, property settlement becomes a critical issue to resolve. Addressing property division promptly not only prevents complex legal disputes and higher costs down the track but also helps both parties establish financial independence. Under Section 79 of the Family Law Act 1975, this article outlines the core principles, steps, and legal framework for property settlements.
Under Australian family law, property settlements are governed by the principle of fairness and equity as outlined in Section 79 of the Family Law Act 1975. The Court exercises broad discretion to determine a just and equitable division based on each party’s contributions, future needs, and the duration of the relationship. Key points include:
The first step is determining whether a property settlement is necessary and whether the proposed division is just and equitable. If both parties can agree on a fair division of property without involving the Court, this step may not require further intervention. However, if disputes arise, the Court will intervene to ensure a fair outcome.
This step involves calculating the total value of the parties’ global assets and liabilities to establish the “net asset pool.” This includes:
For example, if the total assets amount to $2 million and liabilities are $1 million, the net asset pool would be $1 million.
⚠ Note: Family loans often create disputes regarding their classification. The Court may require evidence or witness testimony to confirm whether these loans form part of the asset pool.
The Court assesses each party’s contributions, which are categorised as follows:
If evidence is unavailable, contributions are typically considered equal, though greater weight may be given to non-financial contributions in long-term relationships.
Once contributions are evaluated, the Court considers each party’s future needs to adjust the division proportionately. Factors influencing these adjustments include:
For instance, a primary carer with limited income may receive an additional 10% of the asset pool, while a party with long-term health issues may receive an additional 5%.
Duration of the Relationship
The length of the relationship impacts how contributions are assessed. In long-term relationships, non-financial contributions such as child-rearing and homemaking are given significant weight.
Scope of Assets and Liabilities
The property pool includes all assets and liabilities, even those held overseas or in another person’s name. Key considerations include:
Delaying property settlement can lead to the following challenges:
Addressing property settlement promptly ensures both parties can move forward without ongoing financial entanglements.
The process of property settlement under Australian family law is designed to achieve fairness and equity for both parties. By following the four steps—assessing the need for division, determining the net asset pool, evaluating contributions, and adjusting for future needs—the Court ensures a just outcome that reflects the unique circumstances of each case.
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